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Using a VPN is a great way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a rear door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI needed to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or similar hack is different, it becomes a target, a prize for the poor guys. It'll leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document key you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel with those options.
One type of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of these. Another creates a virtual disc that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, all of the files that you put into it are entirely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, a few goods save your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a much larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each of these products to have a feel for the different options.
Once you copy a file into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you bypass the Recycle Bin, because the information still exists on disk, and data recovery utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products prevent this problem by encrypting the file in location, literally overwriting it on disc using an encrypted version. It is more common, however, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you select something that lacks this attribute, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval functions since the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, image, or other document into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all of the products gathered here service AES. Even the ones that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption expert, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, enroll it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. The other is private, and needs to be carefully guarded. If this I want to send you a key document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this program in reverse, you can create an electronic signature that proves your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact that your public key decrypts it's all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a file with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.